Monroe Nathan Work (August 15, 1866 – May 2, 1945) was an African-American sociologist who founded the Department of Records and Research at the Tuskegee Institute in 1908. His published works include the Negro Year Book and A Bibliography of the Negro in Africa and America, a bibliography of approximately seventeen thousand references to African Americans.

He helped expand Tuskegee Institute's national reputation. worked to advance anti-lynching campaigns, and promoted the National Negro Health Week movement. His Negro Year Books and A Bibliography of the Negro in Africa and America—a bibliography of 17,000 references on African Americans, were the largest of their kind in an era when scholarship by and about black Americans was highly inaccessible, and overlooked or ignored by most academics in the US. Jim Crow laws were increasing and there was periodic violence against African Americans at the time.